InhaltsangabeEarth's Rotation Measured by VLBI.- 1 Determination of the Earth Rotation Parameters by VLBI.- 1.1 Project IRIS.- 1.2 DSN VLBI Observations at JPL.- 1.3 The GJRO Campaign.- 1.4 The VLBI Campaigns with HartRAO.- 2 Analysis of the Earth Rotation Parameters Observed by VLBI.- 2.1 Analysis of the UT1 Series.- 2.2 Analysis of the IRIS Pole Series.- 3 Relation Between the Fortnightly and Monthly Tidal Variations and the Variations of the Pole?.- 4 Conclusions.- References.- Relativity and the Earth's Rotation.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Post-Newtonian Effects: Free Rotation of the Earth.- 3 Post-Newtonian Effects: Forced Precession and Nutation.- 4 Relativity Experiments and the Earth's Rotation.- References.- Astrometric Observations of Hevelius and Derived Values of ?T (Dynamical Time - Universal Time).- 1 Introduction.- 2 The Solar Observations.- 3 The Lunar Observations.- References.- Historical Chinese Astronomical Observations.- 1 Historical Chinese Astronomical Observations (1).- 2 Historical Chinese Astronomical Observations (2).- 2.1 Stars.- 2.2 Special Astronomical Phenomena.- Application of Early Chinese Records of Lunar Occultations and Close Approaches.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Observational Criteria and Method of Analysis.- 3 Data Analysis.- 4 Discussion.- 5 Conclusions.- References.- Ancient Central Eclipse Records of China and Variation of the Earth's Rotation.- 1 Introduction.- 2 General Principle.- 3 Data Analysis and Results.- 4 Discussion.- References.- Ancient Eclipse Records of East Asia and the Earth's Rotation.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Valuable Time Records of Eclipses.- 3 Importance of Central Eclipse.- 4 Use of the East Asian Series of Ancient Records.- References.- Tidal Acceleration of the Moon.- References.- The Variation in J2 and in the Moments of Inertia: Satellite Results and Consequences for the Angular Momentum Budget of the Earth-Moon-Sun System.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Recent Values of Quantities Needed for the Angular Momentum Budget.- 2.1 Secular Variation in the Moon's Mean Motion Due to Tidal Dissipation.- 2.2 Secular Variation in J2 and Related Quantities.- 2.3 Secular. Variations in the Orbital Elements of the Moon's and Earth's Orbit Due to Tidal Dissipation.- 3 Secular Tidal Variation in the Orbital Angular Momentum of the Earth-Moon-Sun System.- 4 Secular Tidal Variations in the Angular Velocity of the Earth's Rotation.- 5 Residuum in the Total Angular Momentum Budget.- 6 Conclusions.- References.- Celestial Mechanics of Present Tidal Friction.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Equations of Motion.- 3 Effect of Gravitational Field.- 4 Earth's Body Tides.- 5 Ocean Tides.- 6 Effect of Tides on the Motion of Artificial Satellites, Solution of the Inverse Problem: Determination of Tidal Parameters.- 7 Effect of Tides on the Moon's Motion.- 8 Parameters of Ocean Tides - Satellite Solutions.- 9 Parameters of Body Tides.- 10 Secular Tidal Variation of Parameters of the Moon's Orbit.- 11 Conclusion.- References.- The Consideration of Solid Earth Effects in Ocean Tide Modeling.- 1 Introduction.- 2 The Computation of Free and Forced Oscillations.- 3 Free and Forced Hemispherical Oscillations.- 4 Near-Resonance Semi-Diurnal Oscillation Systems.- 5 Conclusions.- References.- Variations of the Angular Momentum Budget for Tides of the Present Ocean.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Simulation of Ocean Tides.- 3 The Angular Momentum Budgets.- 4 Variations of the Earth's Rotation.- 5 Summary and Conclusions.- References.- The Pole Tide and the Damping of the Earth's Free Nutation.- 1 Introduction.- 2 A Glance at the History.- 2.1 At the Beginning: Klein and Sommerfeld (1910).- 2.2 A Milestone: Bondi and Gold (1955).- 3 A Spherical Harmonic Model of the Pole Tide.- 3.1 The Algorithm.- 3.2 The Comparison with Observed Values.- 4 Some Aspects of the Modern Theory.- 5 Conclusions.- References.- The Seasonal Angular Momentum of the Thermohaline Ocean Circulation.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Calculation of Thermohaline Currents.- 2.1 Basic Equations.- 2.2 Thermal